Showing posts with label Shakespeare. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Shakespeare. Show all posts
8/05/2024
Book Look: Hamnet, by Maggie O'Farrell
Am going to risk being ostracized by admitting that I didn’t find this book particularly astonishing. I realize it’s been praised by a lot of reviewers smarter than me, but while I found some of the prose to be lovely, some other elements of O’Farrell’s craft – characterization, plot, theme – left me unimpressed.Part of my frustration may stem from still not being entirely sure what the book was meant to be about. (I get that books don't necessarily have to be "about" anything, but bear with me.)
Was it meant to be a story of Hamnet, the son of Will Shakespeare and his wife Anne/Agnes – as the title would seem to imply? If so, then why does O’Farrell spend almost no time endowing Hamnet with any sort of memorable personality? Instead, Hamnet comes off as a rather average lad of his age and time; neither the fact that he is the son of a brilliant poet, nor being raised by an unconventional mother, nor that he is a twin are ever explored in any sort of depth.
Or was it meant to be an exploration of his eccentric mother Agnes, portrayed here as a sort of an Elizabethan forest sprite/Earth mother/white witch? If so, then why does O’Farrell strip her of these eccentricities as soon as she marries Will? The blurb on the back of the book calls her a “steadfast, centrifugal force in the life of her young husband” but I struggled to see how she contributed much of anything to his life or craft. (It’s her brother, not some extraordinary quality of empathy or insight, that finally helps her figure out why her husband is so moody; also, her supposed gift of foresight is weirdly off-again/on-again, seeming to have more to do with narrative convenience than logic.)
Is it supposed to be about two parents grieving the loss of a child? If so, why spend so little time establishing any sort of special emotional link between Agnes, Will, and their son? (And if they're such doting parents, why do they treat their other children with such indifference after Hamnet’s death?) Why choose as father a poet/playwright who never wrote a single play or poem about the death of a child? Why set the story in the time of the plague, when lifespans were short and children died all the time?
Or is it supposed to be about the dynamics of the marriage of two unconventional souls? If so, then why is Will’s creativity almost never explored or acknowledged? Anne supposedly marries the poet because she is attracted by his imagination, but once married, this aspect of their mutual attraction pretty much vanishes from the narrative.
And the bit at the end where the couple supposedly begins to heal? Maybe it’s just me, but O’Farrell’s attempt to convince us that the play “Hamlet” is somehow intended by Will as a tribute to their dead son struck me as improbably strained, the product of narrative necessity rather than any sort of genuine epiphany.
I’m willing to grant that O’Farrell’s prose is lovely and her imagery evocative. This is a veritable banquet of sights, smells, tastes, sounds, and textures. (Though I did feel like, in too many instances, the author indulged her enthusiasm for imagery at the expense of maintaining dramatic momentum; keeping these in balance requires not inconsiderable skill.) Also, O’Farrell has this technique of taking an idea and then elaborating on it in a series of clauses/short sentences that creates a sort of lyric cadence, which is lovely though, over time, can begin to feel a bit repetitive. (Take these examples from a single page, chosen at random: “But the magnitude, the depth of his wife’s grief …” “is so breathless, so seamless, it is quite possible …” “he would find them as they were, unchanged, untrammeled ….”)
Feel like this had the potential to be astonishing, but that it falls disappointingly short of the mark.
7/21/2024
Book Look: A Dead Man in Depford, by Anthony Burgess
Hard to imagine a large market for a contemporary book written in authentic 16th century English prose! Your reward for taking up the challenge is a tale that is at once scholarly, erudite, philosophical, metaphysical, historical, literary and deeply engaging.Burgess's 100% commitment to authenticity has the feel of a doctoral student who has spent so long immersed in their topic, they've lost all perspective of what passes for "normal" interest in their area of obsession. For this isn't just a fictionalized account of Marlowe's adult life, focused particularly on his intellectual meditations, his sexuality, and his flirtation with espionage, but also a deep (deep, deep, deep) dive into the world that he inhabited, a chaotic tintinnabulation of religious bickering, political chicanery, literary experimentation, scientific revelation, philosophical musing, global exploration, xenophobia, corruption, violence, plague, and genius.
Some tips for those who may be considering taking the plunge:
* DO maintain a glossary of players, because Burgess's cast of characters tend to reappear in multiple acts, playing multiple roles; maintaining a "cheat sheet" will keep you from having to continually double back to recall the relevancy of each;
* DO sketch out the family trees, because this will help clarify motives and affiliations;
* DO look up the arcane vocab/investigate the historical references/translate the bits in Latin, because if you don't you'll miss out on important connotation;
* DO take your time! Give yourself permission to linger over the language, which is extravagant, evocative, and exceedingly clever; to absorb the Elizabethan ambiance that Burgess conjures with alchemical artistry; and to consider the dense philosophical, religious and political issues that Burgess introduces, an astonishing number of which feel as relevant today as they were back in 1580. (Politicians stoking xenophobia to suit their own purposes ... sound familiar?)
Will admit that I wouldn't recommend this to the vast majority of my acquaintances. Had I not gone into this armed with a degree in English specializing in 16th-17th century literature + a decent familiarity with Kit Marlowe's bio + credentials as a researcher/analyst, I'm not sure I would have gotten as much out of it as the effort I put in. Even with the benefit of this foundation, still ended up devoting 3 full weeks to working my way through this, involving as many as 5-6 annotations per page clarifying arcane language, obscure historical references, and/or literary allusions. But I thoroughly enjoyed every moment of the journey, and am grateful to Burgess for this stunningly unique homage to Marlowe's complicated life and genius.
4/08/2015
9/08/2013
A Thousand Words - McDreamy Shakespeare
This is the so-called "Cobbe portrait" of Shakespeare, unearthed in 2006 or so. If you're interested in a detailed discussion of its provenance, check out the wikipedia article. But just look at those dashing features, those intelligent eyes, that dapper facial hair - he's even managing to rock that lace collar practically garotting him, for goodness sake! As far as I'm concerned, the matter is settled: this is the type of man capable of writing Romeo & Juliet, not to mention reliably filling the ladies seats at the Rose Theater as an actor. Goodbye, Balding Bard; hello, McDreamy Shakespeare!
7/19/2013
Book Look: Contested Will, by James Shapiro
If you read one book about the Shakespeare authorship controversy, make it this one! Fascinating, highly informative overview of the Shakespeare authorship controversy from its genesis (as far back as the 1700s!) to today by a noted Shakespearian scholar who knows how to spin an entertaining and compelling story.
What you'll enjoy about this book (or at least what I enjoyed!):
* Thorough review of what we definitely know about Shakespeare's life (he wasn't "uneducated", folks - even sons of glovemakers went to school), what we can logically infer about Shakespeare's life (for instance, evidence suggests he was a formidable businessman), and what we definitely don't know about Shakespeare's life, no matter what other so-called "scholars" may state to the contrary. (There's no evidence he had an affair with his patron, and no positive proof as to the identity of the dark lady.)
* A detailed discussion of pretty much every single piece of paper or evidence unearthed over the last 500 years by Shakespeare, referencing Shakespeare, or discussing Shakespeare - what little of it there is.
* Informative overview of era in which Shakespeare wrote, with emphasis on daily life, cultural/social norms, theater, and playwriting - extremely helpful in interpreting in context the information we do have.
* Unbiased presentation of the two most serious contenders for the Bard's throne (Bacon & Oxford): the genesis and evolution of each claim, the main actors promoting each, the evidence cited by each camp, a detailed discussion of the pros/cons of each camp's arguments, and an update on where each contender "stands" in popular opinion today.
* An in-depth exploration of other controversies that have surrounded Shakespeare's life, to include:
- which plays did Shakespeare actually write? (Author presents compelling evidence that many of the plays were co-authored)
- what was Shakespeare's source material?
- why did he suddenly retire from playwriting and move back to the country to become moneylender and seller of malt?
- why did Shakespeare leave his wife only his "second best bed"?
* An entertaining exploration of Shakespeare-related forgeries, impersonations, and other frauds perpetrated over the years. (Will we ever find out who forged the Cowell manuscript?)
* Perspectives on how opinions of Shakespeare and his works have evolved over time
* A fascinating look into the world "Bardolotry" - how an actor and playwright from Stratford-on-Avon came to be regarded as the greatest author of all times.
This is by far the best, most thorough, least biased discussion of the controversy I've ever laid hands on. Having said that, the author does definitely have a bias (though he goes to some pains in the prologue to convince us he doesn't): he believes that the bulk of the primary source material supports Shakespeare's authorship, and that Oxfordians and Baconians rely overmuch on dubious "textual evidence" and inference to make their case. But this does not appear to taint the completeness or reliability of the information he has presented here.
Best of all, Shapiro presents his discussion in so organized and thorough a fashion, it didn't matter that I approached this with little background knowledge of Shakespeare studies, 16th/17th century history, or textual analysis: everything I needed to access his discussions was thoughtfully embedded in the text. Lucky for us, Shapiro's not only a scholar but an excellent communicator who knows how to present even the driest information in a way that most readers should find engaging and thought-provoking.
Highly recommended - I hope others will enjoy this as much as I did!
11/04/2011
Shakespeare's Contribution to the English Language
I'm not sure we'll ever be able to rationalize or explain the prodigious talent of Shakespeare (or whoever he may have been). But in case you may be thinking that reports of his genius and influence on culture/literature/language are exaggerated, I offer the following post as proof to the contrary.
By the way, if you find this post to be of interest, you may also wish to check out my compilation of Shakespeare Trivia.
- Shakespeare wrote 37 plays in approximately 21 years
- His vocabulary, as culled from his works, numbers upward of 17,000 words
- Average citizens of England in Shakespeare's day possessed a vocabulary of ~500 words
- Today's most celebrated poets/authors typically utilize a vocabulary of 7,500 words
- Of the 17,000 words included in his texts, 1,700 were first used by Shakespeare
- Some of the 1,700 words that Shakespeare invented that are still in common usage today: academe, accommodation, accused, addiction, advertising, aerial, amazement, apostrophe, arouse, assassination, auspicious, backing, bandit, barefaced, baseless, bedroom, beached, besmirch, bet, birthplace, blanket, bloodstained, bloody, blushing, bump, buzzer, caked, castigate, cater, champion, circumstantial, clangor, cold-blooded, compromise, control (noun), countless, courtship, countless, critic, critical, dauntless, dawn, deafening, dexterously, discontent, dishearten, dislocate, drugged, dwindle, epileptic, equivocal, elbow, excitement, exposure, eventful, eyeball, fashionable, fitful, fixture, flawed, frugal, generous, gloomy, gnarled, gossip, green-eyed, grovel, gust, hint, hobnob, hurried, impede, impartial, inauspicious, indistinguishable, invulnerable, jaded, label, lackluster, lapse, laughable, lonely, lower, luggage, lustrous, madcap, majestic, marketable, metamorphize, mimic, misplaced, monumental, moonbeam, mountaineer, multituinous, negotiate, noiseless, obscene, obsequiously, ode, olympian, outbreak, panders, pedant, perusal, pious, premeditated, puking, radiance, rant, reliance, remorseless, road, sanctimonious, savagery, scuffle, seamy, secure, skim milk, sportive, submerge, summit, suspicious, swagger, torture, tranquil, undress, unreal, varied, vaulting, worthless, zany
- Shakespeare is credited by the Oxford English Dictionary with the introduction of nearly 3,000 words into the language.
- Words Shakespeare invented but that have not entered common usage: affined, attasked, cadent, to beetle, bubukles, co-marts, co-mates, congreeing, conspectuities, crants, credent, dispunge, enactures, fracted, germins, immoment, impair, incarnadine, incorpsed, indigest, intrenchant, irregulous, jointing, mered, mirable, mistempered, operant, oppugnancy, palmy, out-crafted, out-villained, out-tongued, plantage, primogenitive, primy, propugnation, relume, reprobance, rigol, rooky, roted, rubious, smilets, to stell, stelled, supplyment, unsisting, virgined (held securely)
- 8,598 of the words in Shakespeare's texts appear only once. (Scholars refer to these as 'nonce words'.)
- Some of the most common techniques Shakespeare employed in creating new words:
- changing nouns into verbs
- changing verbs into adjectives
- connecting words never before used together
- adding prefixes and suffixes
- devising words wholly original.
- The most commonly occuring words in Shakespeare's writings include (in order): the, and, I, to, of, a, you, my, that, in, is, not, with, s', for, it, me, his, be, he
- Some of the most commonly occurring words in Shakespeare's texts that are not in common usage today: anon, art, dost/doth, ere, fain, fie, hark, hence, hie, hither/thither, hath, ho, mark, marry, pray/prithee, saucy, sirrah, thee/thou/thy, whence, wherefore
- Shakespeare uses double negatives in spots and phrases such as "most unkindest" with regularity
- He often used verbs that do not agree with their subjects
- He often altered the structure of sentences (subject/predicate)
- He also invented many phrases that are still in common usage today:
- All one to me
- all our yesterdays
- as good luck would have it
- as merry as the day is long
- as pure as driven snow
- bated breath
- bag and baggage
- be all and end all
- beast with two backs
- brave new world
- break the ice
- breathed his last
- catch a cold
- come what may
- crack of doom
- dash to pieces
- dead as a doornail
- devil incarnate
- disgraceful conduct
- dish fit for the gods
- eaten me out of house and home
- elbow room
- even at the turning of the tide
- faint-hearted
- fair play
- fancy-free
- fight fire with fire
- flaming youth
- for goodness' sake
- foregone conclusion
- forever and a day
- foul play
- full circle
- the game is afoot
- the game is up
- give the devil his due
- good men and true
- good riddance
- green eyed monster
- heart of gold
- heartsick
- heart's content
- her infinite variety
- high time
- hoisted with his own petard
- hot-blooded
- housekeeping
- in my mind's eye
- in stitches
- in the twinkling of an eye
- infinite space
- it smells to heaven
- itching palms
- kill with kindness
- killing frost
- knock, knock! who's there?
- laid on with a trowel
- lean and hungry look
- leapfrog
- lie low
- like the dickens
- live long day
- long-haired
- make short shrift
- make your hair stand on end
- melted into thin air
- milk of human kindness
- minds' eye
- ministering angel
- more fool you
- more honored in the breach than in the observance
- more in sorrow than in anger
- more sinned against than sinning
- much ado about nothing
- murder most foul
- my salad days
- neither rhyme nor reason
- night owl
- not slept one wink
- obvious as a nose on a man's face
- off with his head
- once more into the breach
- one fell swoop
- one that loved not wisely but too well
- out of the jaws of death
- own flesh and blood
- pitched battle
- pomp and circumstance
- pound of flesh
- primrose path
- refuse to budge an inch
- rhyme nor reason
- salad days
- sea change
- seen better days
- send him packing
- set my teeth on edge
- shall I compare thee to a summer's day
- the short and long of it
- short shrift
- sick at heart
- shuffle off this mortal coil
- snail-paced
- something in the wind
- a sorry sight
- sound and fury
- spotless reputation
- stony hearted
- star-crossed lovers
- strange bedfellows
- such stuff as dreams are made of
- sweets to the sweet
- swift as a shadow
- the milk of human kindness
- the Queen's English
- thereby hangs a tale
- there's no such thing
- there's the rub
- this mortal coil
- too much of a good thing
- tower of strength
- towering passion
- towering passion
- up in arms
- vanish into thin air
- wear one's heart on one's sleeve
- what a piece of work
- what the dickens
- wild goose chase
- witching hour
- witching time of night
- woe is me
- yoeman's service
- Shakespeare also invented many "bon mots" which are still in common usage today. Here are some of the most well known:
- a plague on both your houses
- all's well that ends well
- better a witty fool than a foolish wit
- brevity is the soul of wit
- every dog will have his day
- clothes make the man
- conscious does make cowards of us all
- discretion is the better part of valor
- frailty, thy name is woman
- how sharper than the serpent's tooth it is to have a thankless child
- I will wear my heart upon my sleve
- it's an ill wind which blows no man to good
- jealousy is the green-eyed monster
- love is blind
- make a virtue of necessity
- misery acquaints a man with strange bedfellows
- neither a borrower nor a lender be
- nothing in his life became him like the leaving it
- parting is such sweet sorrow
- smooth runs the water where the brook is deep (aka "still waters run deep")
- something wicked this way comes
- the better part of valour is discretion
- the course of true love never did run true
- the lady doth protest too much
- the quality of mercy is not strained
- the world's my oyster
- though this be madness, yet there is method in it ("there's a method to my madness")
- to thine own self be true
- truth will out
- what fools these mortals be
- what's done is done
- what's in a name?
- what's past is prologue
- wish is father to that thought
- Some famous quotes from Shakespeare's texts:
- A fool thinks himself to be wise, but a wise man knows himself to be a fool. (As You Like It)
- A horse, a horse, my kingdom for a horse! (Richard III)
- A plague on both your houses! (Romeo & Juliet)
- A rose by any other name would smell as sweet. (Romeo & Juliet)
- Age cannot wither her, nor custom stale her infinite variety, (Antony & Cleopatra)
- Alas, poor Yorick! I knew him, Horatio (Hamlet)
- All that glitters is not gold. (Merchant of Venice)
- All the world's a stage, and all the men and women mere players. They have their exits and their entrances; and one man in his time plays many parts. (As You Like It)
- Beware the ides of March! (Julius Caesar)
- Screw your courage to the sticking-place. (Henry V)
- Cowards die many times before their deaths; the valiant never taste of death but once. (Julius Caesar)
- Cry havoc and let slip the dogs of war! (Julius Caesar)
- Double, double, toil and trouble, fire burn and cauldron bubble! (Macbeth)
- Et tu, Brute? (Julius Caesar)
- Eye of newt and toe of frog, wool of bat and tongue of dog (Macbeth)
- Fie, foh, and fum, I smell the blood of a British man! (King Lear)
- Friends, Romans, Countrymen, lend me your ears! (Julius Caesar)
- Goodnight, goodnight! Parting is such sweet sorrow! (Romeo & Juliet)
- I see you stand like greyhounds in the slips. (Henry V)
- If music be the food of love, play on! (Twelfth Night)
- If you prick us, do we not bleed? If you tickle us, do we not laugh? If you poison us, do we not die? And if you wrong us, shall we not revenge? (Merchant of Venice)
- Is this a dagger which I see before me? (Macbeth)
- The fault, dear Brutus, is not in our stars but in ourselves. (Julius Caesar)
- Life's but a walking shadow, a poor player, that struts and frets his hour upon the stage and then is heard no more; it is a tale told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, signifying nothing. (Macbeth)
- Love all, trust a few, do wrong to none. (All's Well That Ends Well)
- Now is the winter of our discontent. (Richard III)
- O Romeo, Romeo! Wherefore art thou Romeo? (Romeo & Juliet)
- Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more! (Henry V)
- Screw your courage to the sticking place. (Henry V)
- Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate. (Sonnet 18)
- Some are born great, some achieve greatness, and some have greatness thrust upon 'em. (Twelfth Night)
- Something is rotten in the state of Denmark. (Macbeth)
- The course of true love never did run smooth. (Midsummer Night's Dream)
- The evil that men do lives after them; the good is oft interred with their bones. (Julius Caesar)
- The quality of mercy is not strained. (Merchant of Venice)
- The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune. (Hamlet)
- There are more things in heaven and earth, Horatio, than are dreamt of in your philosophy. (Hamlet)
- There's method in my madness. (Hamlet)
- This precious stone set in the silver sea ... this blessed plot, this earth, this realm, this England. (Richard II)
- To be or not to be, that is the question. (Hamlet)
- To sleep: perchance to dream: ay, there's the rub. (Hamlet)
- Uneasy lies the head that wears the crown. (Henry IV, Part II)
- We are such stuff as dreams are made on (The Tempest)
- We few, we happy few, we band of brothers (Henry V)
- What a piece of work is man, how noble in reason, how infinite in faculties, in form and moving how express and admirable, in action how like an angel, in apprehension how like a god. (Hamlet)
- What's in a name? That which we call a rose by any other name would smell as sweet. (Romeo & Juliet)
- Who ever loved that loved not at first sight? (As You Like It)
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